| glottolog Turkic linguistic tree branches and the y hg profiles of their speakers | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Apr 25 2017, 12:22:55 PM (170 Views) | |
| black man | Apr 25 2017, 12:22:55 PM Post #1 |
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The Right Hand
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The first branch to separate from the rest includes (extinct?) "Bolgarian" and "Chuvash", Chuvashes apparently being descendants of WEAs linguistically assimilated by Turkic-speakers. According to Trofimova et al. 2015, R-M198+ and N are the most common y hgs in Chuvashes with almost 30% of their samples being in each of these hgs. All other y hgs they detected in them are unambiguously WEA. Furthermore, see table S4 of Underhill et al. 2014 as for Chuvash R-M198+ and table S2 of Ilumae et al. 2016 as for Chuvash N: there is no evidence for them possibly having any major non-WEA lineages extremely different from those of their FU neighbours. Now, there are four different branches of "common Turkic": "North Siberian" (Sakha and Dolgan), "Turkic Khalaj", "South Siberian Turkic" (7 tongues) and "Oghuz-Kipchak-Uyghur" (31 tongues). Of these, the "South Siberian" ones are distributed more or less along the Yenisei river only. And it's well-known that there were still Samodian-speakers and Yeniseian-speakers amidst of Turkic-speakers until relatively recently. Thus, we can naturally expect high levels of local continuities in terms of Samodian and Yeniseian ancestries there. And the "Oghuz-Kipchak-Uyghur" languages are now first of all split into "Oghuz" and "Uyghur", "Uyghur" consisting of 6 tongues only and "Oghuz" of no less than 25. Perhaps interestingly, "Uyghur" includes "Chagatai" in Turkmenistan but no Uzbekistani tongue. But maybe they simply left out mentioning "Chagatai" in Uzbekistan like they left out certain local dialects in the Tarim Basin. Within the "Oghuz" cluster there are now three different "Oghuz" branches besides 13 "Kipchak" tongues, 2 Uzbek tongues and Salar. Obviously, the three "Oghuz" proper branches are rather southern and western when compared with the others. However, judging from the distribution of the two Uzbek variants, there could be settlement patterns based on historical events completely unknown to the majority of us. Perhaps someone really interested in that kind of topic should clarify why that is (or why it seems to be case). We already discussed Sakha y hg profiles in detail. And the Y-SNP markers according to Ilumae et al. 2016 just confirm that their y hg profiles are very different from those of other Turkic-speakers, including those of the Altai-Sayan region. Moreover, Ilumae et al. 2016 confirmed that the Altai-Sayan region as such is genetically very specific in terms of y hg N, too. So the y-chromosomal lineages which spread together with Turkic languages predominately belong to y hgs R-Z93+ and C-M217+. But maybe there is still interest in clarifying which branches of these very wide-spread hgs can be associated with Turkic languages in particular. Sources: http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/turk1311 Ilumae et al. 2016: "Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup N"; doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.025 Trofimova et al. 2015: "Genetic Characterization of Populations of the VolgaUral Region according to the Variability of the Y-Chromosome"; doi: 10.1134/S1022795414120138 Underhill et al. 2014: "The phylogenetic and geographic structure of Y-chromosome haplogroup R1a"; doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.50 |
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| Ebizur | Jul 10 2018, 01:01:08 PM Post #2 |
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Advanced Member
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According to the data of E. E. Ashirbekov et al. (2017), "Distribution of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups of the Kazakh from the South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl and Almaty Regions," members of C2b1a3a-M401 predominate among most tribes of the Uly Juz (Elder/Senior/Great Horde): Jalaiyr, Dulat, Alban, Suan, Sary Uisyn, Oshakty, Shapyrashty, Shanyshqyly, Shaqsham. However, haplogroup Q predominates among the sampled members of the Qanly (Kangly) tribe, haplogroup N1a1-M46 predominates among the sampled members of the Syrgeli tribe, and haplogroup J1-M267 (pred.) predominates among the sampled members of the Ysty tribe. The tribes of the Elder/Senior/Great Horde predominate in southern/southeastern Kazakhstan. In contrast, C-M86 (which also predominates among northern Tungusic tribes and among western Mongolic tribes) predominates among the members of every tribe of the Kishi Juz (Junior/Younger/Lesser Horde): Alim (uly), Bai-uly, Jetyru. (However, E1b-M35 is also very common among the Jetyru according to this study's data.) The tribes of the Junior/Younger/Lesser Horde predominate in western Kazakhstan. The above explains why some samples of Kazakhs in early studies have been predominantly C-M48/M86/M77, whereas other samples of Kazakhs have been predominantly C-M217(xM48/M86/M77) or C-M130(xM48/M86/M77). The tribes of the Orta Juz (Middle/Central Horde), which predominate in eastern Kazakhstan, appear to be much less related to one another: the Argyn are predominantly G1-M285, the Naiman are predominantly O-M134, the Qonyrat are predominantly C2c1a1a1-M407 (like the Buryats), the Qypshaq (i.e. "Kipchak") are predominantly R1b-M478, the Kerey are predominantly C2b1a3a-M401 (like most tribes of the Elder/Senior/Great Horde). |
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